Sitting King
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Sitting King (居玉 I-gyoku) is a formation where a player keeps the king on its original square, without making a castle.
It is used in many rapid openings, where there is not enough time to make defenses or when the center is safer than the side. E.g. Not putting king in Yagura against a Yagura Destroyer formation.
An old proverb goes "Sitting King is like a duck" (easy to be hunted). In modern times this view has changed and in professional games we see more of this type of shogi, especially in Bishop Exchange Opening.